Kurt Hahn(1886-1974)认为当代青年正在衰退,这种衰退体现在六个方面:

  1. Decline of Fitness due to modern methods of locomotion. 体能衰退:由于交通方式的变革,人们缺少运动。

  2. Decline of Initiative and Enterprise due to the widespread disease of spectatoritis 主动性和进取心的衰退:在景观社会中沉迷娱乐,积极扮演旁观者的角色,缺乏主观能动性。(在韩炳哲的论述中:21世纪是一个「功绩社会」,即人们有一种过度积极,过度消费和使用自我的倾向。主观能动性并非建构在「做」与「不做」之间,而是要看「主体」是否按照自我真实意愿进行「有意义的选择」。)

  3. Decline of Memory and Imagination due to the confused restlessness of modern life. 记忆力和想象力的衰退:生活混乱,没有节律。

  4. Decline of Skill and Care due to the weakened tradition of craftsmanship. 技艺与细致耐心的衰退:人们已经不做手工艺了。

  5. Decline of Self-discipline due to the ever-present availability of stimulants and tranquillisers. 自律能力的衰退:太多工业制品为我们提供廉价易得的多巴胺。

  6. Decline of Compassion due to the unseemly haste with which modern life is conducted or, as William Temple called it, "spiritual death". 同理心的衰退:现代生活的节奏太快了,简直快得不合时宜。

针对这种现状,Kurt Hahn 提出了四种解决方案:

  1. Fitness Training(健身)
  2. Expeditions(探险/远征:进行一种长期的、具有挑战性的、耐力任务)
  3. Projects(主要是指手工艺技能)
  4. Rescue Service(学习并参加救援服务)

相关文档:t.me/alashan/62